מְקַשְּׁטֵי JavaScript: תִּכְנוּת מֵטָא-נְתוּנִים וְדִגְמֵי AOP

            
function Component(options: { selector: string, template: string }) {
  return function (constructor: T) {
    return class extends constructor {
      selector = options.selector;
      template = options.template;
    }
  }
}

@Component({ selector: 'my-component', template: '<div>Hello</div>' })
class MyComponent {
  constructor() {
    // ...
  }
}

console.log(new MyComponent().selector); // Output: my-component

            

              
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function Log(target: any, propertyKey: string, descriptor: PropertyDescriptor) {
  const originalMethod = descriptor.value;

  descriptor.value = function (...args: any[]) {
    console.log(`Calling ${propertyKey} with arguments: ${JSON.stringify(args)}`);
    const result = originalMethod.apply(this, args);
    console.log(`${propertyKey} returned: ${result}`);
    return result;
  }

  return descriptor;
}

class Calculator {
  @Log
  add(a: number, b: number) {
    return a + b;
  }
}

const calculator = new Calculator();
calculator.add(2, 3); // Output: Calling add with arguments: [2,3]
                     //         add returned: 5

            

              
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function Validate(target: any, propertyKey: string) {
  let value: any;

  const getter = function () {
    return value;
  };

  const setter = function (newVal: any) {
    if (typeof newVal !== 'number' || newVal < 0) {
      throw new Error(`Invalid value for ${propertyKey}. Must be a non-negative number.`);
    }
    value = newVal;
  };

  Object.defineProperty(target, propertyKey, {
    get: getter,
    set: setter,
    enumerable: true,
    configurable: true,
  });
}

class Product {
  @Validate
  price: number;

  constructor(price: number) {
    this.price = price;
  }
}

const product = new Product(10);
console.log(product.price); // Output: 10

try {
  product.price = -5; // Throws an error
} catch (e) {
  console.error(e.message);
}

            

              
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import 'reflect-metadata';

const Injectable = (): ClassDecorator => {
    return (target: any) => {
        Reflect.defineMetadata('injectable', true, target);
    };
};

const Inject = (token: string): ParameterDecorator => {
    return (target: any, propertyKey: string | symbol, parameterIndex: number) => {
        let existingParameters: string[] = Reflect.getOwnMetadata('parameters', target, propertyKey) || [];
        existingParameters[parameterIndex] = token;
        Reflect.defineMetadata('parameters', existingParameters, target, propertyKey);
    };
};

@Injectable()
class Logger {
    log(message: string) {
        console.log(`Logger: ${message}`);
    }
}

class Greeter {
    private logger: Logger;

    constructor(@Inject('Logger') logger: Logger) {
        this.logger = logger;
    }

    greet(name: string) {
        this.logger.log(`Hello, ${name}!`);
    }
}

// Simple dependency injection container
class Container {
    private dependencies: Map<string, any> = new Map();

    register(token: string, dependency: any) {
        this.dependencies.set(token, dependency);
    }

    resolve<T>(target: any): T {
        const parameters: string[] = Reflect.getMetadata('parameters', target) || [];
        const resolvedDependencies = parameters.map(token => this.dependencies.get(token));
        return new target(...resolvedDependencies);
    }
}

const container = new Container();
container.register('Logger', new Logger());

const greeter = container.resolve<Greeter>(Greeter);
greeter.greet('World'); // Output: Logger: Hello, World!

            

              
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function LogMethod(target: any, propertyKey: string, descriptor: PropertyDescriptor) {
    const originalMethod = descriptor.value;

    descriptor.value = function (...args: any[]) {
        const startTime = performance.now();
        console.log(`[${new Date().toISOString()}] Calling method: ${propertyKey} with arguments: ${JSON.stringify(args)}`);
        const result = originalMethod.apply(this, args);
        const endTime = performance.now();
        const executionTime = endTime - startTime;
        console.log(`[${new Date().toISOString()}] Method ${propertyKey} returned: ${result}. Execution time: ${executionTime.toFixed(2)}ms`);
        return result;
    };

    return descriptor;
}

class ExampleClass {
    @LogMethod
    complexOperation(a: number, b: number): number {
        // Simulate a time-consuming operation
        let sum = 0;
        for (let i = 0; i < 1000000; i++) {
            sum += a + b + i;
        }
        return sum;
    }
}

const example = new ExampleClass();
example.complexOperation(5, 10);

            

              
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function Authorize(role: string) {
    return function (target: any, propertyKey: string, descriptor: PropertyDescriptor) {
        const originalMethod = descriptor.value;

        descriptor.value = function (...args: any[]) {
            const userRole = getCurrentUserRole(); // Function to retrieve the current user's role

            if (userRole !== role) {
                throw new Error(`Unauthorized: User does not have the required role (${role}) to access this method.`);
            }

            return originalMethod.apply(this, args);
        };

        return descriptor;
    };
}

function getCurrentUserRole(): string {
    // In a real application, this would retrieve the user's role from authentication context
    return 'admin'; // Example: Hardcoded role for demonstration
}

class AdminPanel {
    @Authorize('admin')
    deleteUser(userId: number) {
        console.log(`User ${userId} deleted successfully.`);
    }

    @Authorize('editor')
    editArticle(articleId: number) {
        console.log(`Article ${articleId} edited successfully.`);
    }
}

const adminPanel = new AdminPanel();

try {
    adminPanel.deleteUser(123);
    adminPanel.editArticle(456); // This will throw an error because the user role is 'admin'
} catch (error) {
    console.error(error.message);
}

            

              
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function Cache(ttl: number = 60) { // ttl in seconds, default to 60 seconds
    const cache = new Map();

    return function (target: any, propertyKey: string, descriptor: PropertyDescriptor) {
        const originalMethod = descriptor.value;

        descriptor.value = async function (...args: any[]) {
            const cacheKey = `${propertyKey}-${JSON.stringify(args)}`;
            const cachedData = cache.get(cacheKey);

            if (cachedData && Date.now() < cachedData.expiry) {
                console.log(`Retrieving from cache: ${propertyKey} with arguments: ${JSON.stringify(args)}`);
                return cachedData.data;
            }

            console.log(`Executing and caching: ${propertyKey} with arguments: ${JSON.stringify(args)}`);
            const result = await originalMethod.apply(this, args);

            cache.set(cacheKey, {
                data: result,
                expiry: Date.now() + ttl * 1000, // Calculate expiry time
            });

            return result;
        };

        return descriptor;
    };
}

class DataService {
    @Cache(120) // Cache for 120 seconds
    async fetchData(id: number): Promise<string> {
        // Simulate fetching data from a database or API
        return new Promise((resolve) => {
            setTimeout(() => {
                resolve(`Data for ID ${id} fetched from source.`);
            }, 1000); // Simulate a 1-second delay
        });
    }
}

const dataService = new DataService();

(async () => {
    console.log(await dataService.fetchData(1)); // Executes the method
    console.log(await dataService.fetchData(1)); // Retrieves from cache
    await new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(resolve, 121000)); // Wait for 121 seconds to allow the cache to expire
    console.log(await dataService.fetchData(1)); // Executes the method again after cache expiry
})();

            

              
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function Required() {
    return function (target: any, propertyKey: string) {
        if (!target.constructor.requiredFields) {
            target.constructor.requiredFields = [];
        }
        target.constructor.requiredFields.push(propertyKey);
    };
}

function ValidateClass(target: any) {
    const originalConstructor = target;

    function construct(constructor: any, args: any[]) {
        const instance: any = new constructor(...args);
        if (constructor.requiredFields) {
            constructor.requiredFields.forEach((field: string) => {
                if (!instance[field]) {
                    throw new Error(`Missing required field: ${field}`);
                }
            });
        }
        return instance;
    }

    const newConstructor: any = function (...args: any[]) {
        return construct(originalConstructor, args);
    };

    newConstructor.prototype = originalConstructor.prototype;
    return newConstructor;
}

@ValidateClass
class User {
    @Required()
    name: string;

    @Required()
    email: string;

    constructor(name: string, email: string) {
        this.name = name;
        this.email = email;
    }
}

try {
    const validUser = new User('John Doe', 'john.doe@example.com');
    console.log('Valid user created:', validUser);

    const invalidUser = new User('Jane Doe', ''); // Missing email
} catch (error) {
    console.error('Validation error:', error.message);
}


            

              
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